中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
四位互联网企业负责人热议“大流量”“正能量”：技术向善 汇聚“善流”******
“目前，在B站有超过200万中国风作品。过去一年，观看此类视频的人有1.36亿。我们自己也会制作一些和传统文化相关的内容，比如，《花好月圆夜》《舞千年》等。”在2021中国网络媒体论坛内容论坛期间，哔哩哔哩董事长兼CEO陈睿说，B站的UP主大部分是90后、00后的年轻人，去年他用四个词来形容B站的UP主：年轻、有才华、有创意和正能量。
2021中国网络媒体论坛由中央网信办、中央广播电视总台、广东省委网信委主办，以“发展与秩序：让大流量澎湃正能量”为主题。在陈睿看来，主旋律、正能量的内容需要用年轻人喜欢的方式传播，用他们听得懂的话语来传播。传统文化要让年轻人演绎和参与，这样才有生命力。“如果年轻人都不喜欢传统文化，恐怕再过几十年，传统文化就要进博物馆了。”
2021中国网络媒体论坛在广州举行
本次论坛还设置了技术、内容、责任、产业、大湾区五个平行论坛，分别围绕“创新：技术赋能”“传播：塑造价值”“责任：共治共享”“发展：行稳致远”“大湾区：一网相联”等主题展开研讨交流，碰撞思想火花。期间，腾讯公司副总裁陈勇也表示，近十年里，正能量不断深入人心，成为砥砺奋进的时代符号；媒体融合也在加速，全媒体的传播技术和内容创新精彩纷呈，一大批精品力作成为传播过亿的爆款，为正能量传播注入了澎湃动力。
在陈勇看来，流量如同一枚硬币，一面是网民对平台的信任，另一面是平台严肃的责任和庄严的使命。与大流量相伴相随的，是时代的使命，是向善的选择，是用户和社会的价值依归。只有不断创新技术、内容与用户之间的连接形态，不断丰富连接场景，才能推动正能量的流量生态走向壮大。
字节跳动展台工作人员在展示VR技术体验
“未来的世界是靠数智、算力、算法驱动的世界。”产业论坛上，阿里巴巴集团副总裁、阿里云研究院院长肖利华表示，整个媒体发展过程和ICT技术（信息、通信和技术的组合），包括云技术，都在同步往前发展。
肖利华认为，媒体产业在数字技术发展过程中会不断创新，核心是五个方面：一是计算，视频、图片在传输、存储、计算过程中会有一系列大的变化；二是数据，在大数据时代怎样将不同类型的数据进行高效精准匹配会有很大变化；三是AI生产过程中会大幅度改变媒体；四是端，在云网端一体化、媒体元宇宙的时代，创新一定会加速整个过程；五是安全，安全是底线，必须要守住。
“新一代数字基础设施，推动了数字经济崛起，互联网已全面融入经济社会发展和人民生产生活。实体经济的数字化、产业价值链的重塑，正在诞生越来越多的新业态新模式。”快手科技联合创始人、内容安全委员会主席杨远熙说。
“数字经济深刻影响了各行各业，是挑战，更是机会。”在杨远熙看来，数字经济在重塑物理空间和实体经济，也同时在打造一个更大的数字空间。他认为，媒体的数字化转型升级，需要大胆运用新技术、新机制、新模式，以实现传播效率的最大化和传播效果的最优化。（文/图 记者 姚坤森 李政葳 潘迪）
